The center discharge type 900/160 gyratory crusher shown in Fig. 1 is composed of a frame, a working mechanism, a discharge port adjusting device, a transmission mechanism, a safety device, a dustproof device and a lubrication system.
1. The frame is composed of a base 14, a fixed cone (i.e., a middle frame) 10 and a cross member 9, which are bolted to each other. The base is mounted on a reinforced concrete foundation.
2. Working mechanism The crushing cone 32 and the fixed cone 10 are formed. Cone crusher mounted on a spindle 31, the outer surface of the sleeve 3 there is an annular steel backing 33 manganese. To make the liner and funnel close fit between the two casting zinc alloy, and an upper end of the pressing plate with the nut 8, and the upper end of the nut 7 with the locking plate prevents loosening of the nut. The working surface of the fixed cone is provided with three rows of parallel manganese steel liners 11. The fixed cone and the liner are also cast between zinc alloy or cement.
3. Discharge port adjustment device The discharge port width is adjusted by the tapered nut 2 at the upper end of the main shaft. Its device is shown in Figure 2. When adjusting, first use the lifting equipment to lift the main shaft and the crushing cone up slightly, then take out the key 3, and screw out or screw the conical nut on the main shaft suspension device to drive the main shaft and the movable cone to rise or fall. The discharge opening is correspondingly reduced or increased until the discharge opening width reaches the required value. Then hit the button 3 and lower the spindle and the crushing cone. This adjustment device is inconvenient to adjust and the adjustment range is also small.
[next] 4. Transmission mechanism The transmission mechanism of the rotary crusher is mainly composed of a motor, a pulley 18, a coupling 19, a transmission shaft 20, a bevel gear 15 and 17, an eccentric bushing 22, and a main shaft 31. The upper end of the main shaft is suspended from the cross member 9 by a conical nut 2, a tapered press sleeve 1, a bushing 4 and a support ring 6. The function of the wedge key 3 is to prevent the conical nut 2 from loosening. The bushing 4 is supported on its support ring 6 with its tapered end, while its side is supported on a bushing 5 having a tapered inner surface. Since the contact faces of the bushings 4 and 5 are conical, it is ensured that the bushing 4 rolls along the support ring 6 and the tapered bushing 5, thereby satisfying the requirements of the crushing cone. The lower end of the main shaft is inserted into an eccentric hole of the eccentric bushing 22, which is eccentric to the axis of the crusher. When the eccentric bushing rotates, the crushing cone and the main shaft use the hanging point on the beam as the conical surface to make a conical surface movement, thereby achieving the purpose of crushing the material.
The thrust bearing of the eccentric bushing consists of 3 thrust discs. The upper steel disc is connected to a large bevel gear fixed to the eccentric bushing. It turns 13 in the middle of the swivel disc bronze, bronze disc and the steel disc is rotated in the following. The lower steel disc is fixed to the upper end of the center sleeve with a pin.
When the crusher works, the motor is started first, and the elastic coupling 19 and the bevel gears 15 and 17 are driven by the pulley 18 to drive the eccentric bushing to rotate, and then the crushing cone is driven to perform the swinging motion.
5. The safety device of the safety device crusher is four safety pin pins mounted on the pulley wheel 18 wheel. In the event of an overload, the pin is first cut off and the machine is stopped, protecting other components from damage. This device has a simple structure but poor reliability. Because it is difficult to accurately calculate the cross-sectional area of ​​the pin during design. Usually calculated as 2 times the motor load.
6. Dust-proof device prevents the dust from entering the friction surface or the mixed lubricating oil inside the crusher. At the lower end of the crushing cone, the seal is made of three sleeves 28, 29 and 30 with spherical surfaces. Device. The collar 28 is screwed to the crushing cone. The collar 29 is mounted on the neck of the gland 27 of the center sleeve with a skeleton rubber seal therebetween. The collar 30 is free to press against the collar 29. This dust-proof device is simple and reliable, and it is difficult for the dust to enter the interior of the crusher through the gap between the rings.
7. Lubrication system The rotary crusher is lubricated with thin oil and dry oil. The required lubricating oil is supplied by a dedicated hydraulic pumping station. The oil flows along the oil pipe from the oil hole on the lower cover 21 of the casing into the lower end space of the eccentric bushing, and then the gap between the main shaft and the eccentric bushing and the gap between the eccentric bushing and the bushing rises. After lubricating the friction surfaces, an oil rises onto the thrust disk 13 of the eccentric bushing. Another oil rises on the way to the slinger 12 and flows to the bevel gear. After the lubricating oil lubricates the components, it flows out through the drain pipe. The bearings of the drive shaft 20 of the crusher have separate oil inlet and discharge pipes. The suspension of the main shaft is periodically lubricated with oil by means of a manual dry oil lubrication device.
A disadvantage of the above-mentioned gyratory crusher is that there is no reliable safety device and a convenient discharge port adjustment device. At present, hydraulic gyratory crushers are generally used in China. Figure 3 shows the 1400/170 hydraulic gyratory crusher produced in China. The structure of the crusher is basically the same as that of the ordinary gyratory crusher, except that its adjustment and safety device are all controlled by hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the lower part of the base, and the crushing cone is supported on the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder. There are three friction discs on the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder. The upper friction disc is fixed to the lower end of the main shaft; the lower friction disc is fixed to the plunger; the upper surface of the middle friction disc is a spherical surface, and the lower surface is a flat surface. When the crusher is working, the upper and lower planes of the middle friction disc slide relative to the upper and lower friction discs. The size of the discharge opening can be adjusted by changing the amount of oil in the hydraulic cylinder. The adjustment is easy and simple, and can be adjusted during work. The specific adjustment process is: before the crusher starts, first open the hydraulic pump to fill the hydraulic cylinder, and when the crushing cone rises to the working position, the shut-off valve and the hydraulic pump are closed. The hydraulic device acts as a safety device for the crusher, which is safe, reliable and quick and convenient. When the crushing chamber enters the non-crushed material, the crushing force increases the crushing force, and the crushing cone presses the plunger downward, so that the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder suddenly increases. When the oil pressure exceeds the gas pressure in the accumulator, the inside of the hydraulic cylinder The oil is squeezed into the accumulator. Thus, the crushing cone descends with the plunger, and the discharge opening increases until the non-crushed material is discharged. After the non-crushed material is discharged, under the action of the accumulator, the oil is pressed into the hydraulic cylinder slowly through the one-way throttle valve, so that the crushing cone is smoothly and automatically reset. When the size of the non-crushed material is too large to be discharged through the discharge opening, the system oil pressure will continue to rise. When the electric contact pressure gauge setting value is reached, the control system can automatically stop the main motor to ensure the safety of the equipment.
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