There are many factors that affect plant growth. At present, scientists have identified 52 factors, such as soil organic matter, soil moisture, root depth, temperature, humidity, illuminance, wind speed, etc., so it is very important to grasp these factors in the plant growth environment. The following is a simple analysis of the effects of temperature, humidity, and light intensity on plants.
The influence of temperature on plant growth The effect of temperature on plant growth is comprehensive. It can affect plant growth by affecting metabolic processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration, as well as by affecting the metabolic processes such as the synthesis and transportation of organic matter. Directly affect the soil temperature, temperature, affect the growth of plants by affecting the absorption and transport of water and fertilizer. Since the activities of enzymes involved in metabolic activities have different manifestations at different temperatures, the effect of temperature on plant growth also has the lowest, most suitable, and highest temperature three-basis points. Plants can only grow at the lowest temperature and highest temperature range. Although the optimum temperature for growth refers to the fastest growing temperature, this is not the most robust temperature for plant growth. Because at the optimum temperature, the organic matter in the plant is consumed too much and the plant grows slender and weak. Therefore, cultivating robust plants in production practice often requires temperatures below the optimal temperature, which is called the optimal temperature for coordination.
The effect of humidity on plant growth The factors affecting absolute humidity mainly depend on the source of water vapor, the ability to transport water, and the ability of air to maintain moisture. Therefore, the factors that affect water vapor supply such as precipitation, the presence of water bodies, the level of soil moisture, and the evaporation conditions affect the conditions of water vapor transport such as wind, vertical air flow, and conditions that affect the ability of air to maintain water vapor, such as temperature, may affect Absolute humidity. Relative humidity is determined by absolute humidity on the one hand and air temperature on the other.
Relative humidity or saturation of air is one of the important factors affecting water absorption and transpiration of plants. When the relative humidity is small (the saturation difference is large), if the soil moisture is sufficient, the plant transpiration is more vigorous and the plant growth is better. If the air humidity is under saturation conditions for a long time, the growth of plants will be inhibited, which will result in the decrease of the grain filling rate of grains, the aggravation of the cotton bud bells, the decrease of cotton vitality and the quality of cotton harvest. Relative humidity is too small, it will increase the soil drought or cause atmospheric drought, especially in the conditions of high temperatures and lack of soil moisture, the water balance of the plant is destroyed, water does not make ends meet, will hinder growth and cause reduced production. The relative humidity and the saturation difference can restrict the time of anther cracking, pollen scattering and germination in some plants, thus affecting the pollination and fertilization of plants. Humidity is also closely related to the occurrence of crop pests and diseases. In the environment where the wheat midge sucks moisture, cotton aphid and red spider are suitable for living in a relatively low humidity environment. Humidity can easily lead to a variety of diseases such as wheat rust.
Illumination effects on plant growth Light is the source of energy for plants to carry out photosynthesis. Photosynthesis mainly depends on the organ's chlorophyll organ. In plant ecology, it is usually divided into three categories: positive plants, negative plants, and shade-tolerant plants according to the different requirements of plants for light. Positive plants are able to grow robustly under strong light conditions and grow under covert and low light conditions. Dystrophy. Negative plants are plants that grow well under weaker light conditions than under strong light conditions. However, this does not mean that the weaker the light requirements of the negative plants are, the better, because when the light is too weak to reach the compensation point of the negative plants, it cannot grow normally, so the negative plants require weaker light. It is also only relative to positive plants. Negative plants grow more in moist, shady areas or in dense forests. A shade-tolerant plant refers to a plant that falls between two categories. This type of plant grows best under full sun, but it can tolerate moderate concealment, or it requires lighter shading during childbirth.
However, the same plant has different requirements for light at different stages of development. Such as woody plants such as Magnolia, Eucommia and so on, the seedling period needs to be shaded and it is afraid of glare. When the ginseng seedlings are pleasing to the shade, the adult plants are hi yang Although Rhizoma Coptidis is a negative plant, its growth tolerance is different at different stages of growth. The seedling stage is the most shade-tolerant, but in the fourth year after planting, the shade can be removed and grown under strong light, which is conducive to root growth. Under normal circumstances, plants need more nutrients and require higher light in flowering and solid stages or in the formation of tuber and other storage organs. Understanding the ecological types of light intensity of plants is very important in the rational cultivation of medicinal plants, interplanting, and domestication.
At present, there are already manufacturers on the market that can measure a parameter or a variety of parameters. If the temperature self-recording instrument only detects the temperature, the temperature and humidity recorder can detect the temperature and humidity, and the temperature and humidity light three-parameter recorder can simultaneously detect the three parameters of temperature, humidity and light intensity.
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