Diesel vehicles, especially heavy-duty diesel exhaust pollution, exacerbated the formation of hazy weather. Although new technologies can reduce exhaust emissions from diesel exhaust, they are difficult to promote in the face of all the obstacles in reality. In view of the nature of the PPP model, the industry analysts believe that the air pollution control is a public product, diesel vehicle exhaust management is a public service, can and should be included in the scope of the PPP model.
Difficult to promote new technologies PPP mode or solution to the car exhaust gas storm
The current situation of air pollution is grim, requiring comprehensive prevention and control, has become a social consensus. The MEP's 2015 Annual Report on Prevention of Motor Vehicle Pollution shows that motor vehicle pollution has become an important source of air pollution in our country and an important cause of haze and photochemical smog pollution. NOx emissions and particulate matter emissions from trucks nationwide were significantly higher than those for passenger cars, with heavy trucks being the main contributor. Nitrogen oxides emitted by diesel vehicles nationwide were close to 70% of vehicle emissions and particulate matter was over 90%. Diesel vehicles, especially heavy-duty diesel exhaust pollution, exacerbated the formation of hazy weather.
Diesel exhaust gas treatment of new technologies difficult to use
Relevant researches and practices show that the application of selective catalytic reduction technology (SCR) can convert about 80% of the nitrogen oxides in diesel exhaust into harmless nitrogen, meeting the emission standards of the fourth country and reducing about half of the particulate emissions . Although the application of SCR can achieve the exhaust emission of diesel vehicles, some automobile manufacturers have already added tail gas treatment solution to the delivery of diesel vehicles. Sinopec's gas stations in Beijing have also set up diesel tail gas injection devices. However, the large-scale popularization and use of diesel tail gas treatment fluid has encountered many obstacles in reality, mainly for the following reasons.
First, on the demand side, transport companies (car owners) from their own point of view, additional fuel diesel exhaust liquid will increase their operating costs; diesel car drivers are basically the fastest completion of the transport mission as the main consideration, many times Filling diesel exhaust fluid will delay the effective operating time, indirectly reducing personal income.
Second, on the supply side, the average social gas station is not popular with the demand of tail gas treatment liquid, the retail profit is not high, and there is a lack of enthusiasm to invest and build facilities. Although oil companies in the background of central SOEs have social responsibilities, Tedious investment planning and approval process, the construction of fixed filling facilities complex procedures; mobile diesel exhaust gas treatment facilities to put into operation, due to lack of technical specifications and industry access standards, is also difficult to walk.
Third, there is the use of inconvenience raised. Diesel car manufacturers, a few bus companies using the treatment liquid is basically a packet of products, manually filling, the measurement accuracy can not be guaranteed, affecting the exhaust treatment effect; long-distance driving process of diesel car drivers, Due to the lack of automatic filling facilities at the petrol filling stations, the filling of the petrol filling lanes with manual lifting is more time consuming and laborious, which increases the difficulty of use.
Conception of Diesel Vehicle Exhaust Gas Management PPP Model
In November 2014, the State Council issued Guiding Opinions on Innovating Investment and Financing Mechanisms in Key Areas of Investment to Encourage Social Investment, urging the marketization of environmental pollution control and encouraging the promotion of government and social capital cooperation (PPP) models in the field of environmental protection and enhancement of public goods Supply capacity. Since then, the relevant ministries also issued a series of normative documents to promote the application of PPP in the field of environmental protection. The essence of the PPP model is government purchase of services. The author believes that the governance of air pollution is a public product, diesel vehicle exhaust governance is a public service, can and should be included in the scope of the PPP model, the specific model is as follows.
First of all, the central government will arrange special diesel vehicle exhaust gas treatment and purchase funds in the capital budget for environmental protection. Local environmental authorities at various levels may act as the government purchasing entities and select social capital projects to be undertaken through bidding, competitive negotiation or competitive negotiation Main body (SPV) to invest in, build and operate stationary or mobile diesel exhaust fluid filling facilities and installations.
Secondly, within the prescribed period of government purchase or franchising, the project undertaking entities are socially-owned and newly-added diesel vehicles. The emphasis is on overloading of diesel vehicles and providing efficient, precise and free tail gas treatment solution filling professional services. The government purchasing entity will pay for the availability of the public goods and services, the usage and the performance of the project undertaking entities to compensate for the actual investment in social capital and obtain a reasonable return on investment.
Third, relevant government departments should, in accordance with laws and regulations, step up efforts to punish the refusal to raise or use exhaust gas treatment diesel vehicles. Filling equipment, exhaust gas treatment plant manufacturers and gas station operators, and their combination of the Commonwealth, should be selected as the project social capital priority to reflect the "professional people to do professional things," "profit without huge profits "Such as PPP working principle.
In addition, since it is public interest to purchase diesel exhaust to control public services, in order to promote the project smoothly, the responsibilities and rights of the government, social capital and other stakeholders should be clarified. The author suggests that the relevant ministries and commissions should issue special regulations and documents that regulate the purchase of diesel vehicle exhaust gas to govern public services in order to openly purchase service processes, balance the risks assumed by all parties, set technical standards scientifically, strengthen environmental monitoring and highlight financial supervision and assessment. Clearly based.
Author: Department of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Xie Hanpeng
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