First of all, we should look at the problems of raw material crushing and grinding systems.
Former small-scale beneficiation plant crushing mill ore particle size, about 25mm, which makes greatly reduced grinding efficiency of the mill. Since the mill is a fine grinding device, the grinding efficiency of the 25 mm (mm) ore is less than 80 micrometers (um) when the coarse crushing efficiency of the mill is low. At this time, 1 ton of medium hardness ore needs to consume about 25 KWH. The advanced crushing process has broken the ore to a particle size below 10mm. At this time, the power consumption of the mill grinding 1 ton of ore is only about 13KWH. The method is to add a fine crusher on the crude crushing system of the raw material, so that the particle size of the ore before the mill is reduced from 25 mm to 10 mm, and the crushing of 1 ton of ore by the fine crusher requires 5KWH. Instead of finely crushing the ore with fine crushing equipment before grinding, the power consumption of 1 ton of ore in the two systems of crushing and grinding can be reduced by 7KWH. Moreover, the cost of the hammer liner consumed by the fine crushing equipment before grinding is significantly lower than the cost of the ball mill and the liner. A concentrating plant that processes 100,000 tons of ore per year can use advanced technology in the crushing and grinding process to save electricity and materials consumption by 400,000 yuan.
There are many fine crushing equipments for ore, and there are fewer ideal equipments for users to choose. For example, hammer crushers , whether vertical shaft hammer crushers or horizontal hammer crushers, have short hammer life and hammer. Head and liner consumption, frequent replacement, low output, high power consumption, difficult maintenance and maintenance, long time, low equipment operation rate. The shortest is replaced in three or five days, and the longest is replaced in half a month. The consumption of hammerheads and linings requires 1 yuan for 1 ton of ore and 7 KWH for electricity consumption of 1 ton of ore. We should choose an energy-saving crushing system with low consumption of wear parts, long use time, high output, stable discharge size and low power consumption, such as cone crusher . The power consumption can be reduced from other crusher 7KWH/ton ore. 5KWH / ton of ore. The service life of the lining consumables can be increased from one week to half a year, and the wear-resistant steel such as liners and hammers consumed by crushing 1 ton of ore is about 0.2 kg/ton of ore, which drops to 0.01 kg/ton of ore, and drops nearly 20 times. More than double.
Choose energy-saving, high-yield grinding equipment
1, ball mill now we mostly use the main bearings are pasteurized alloy pad bearing large running resistance, high fuel consumption, with a large mill bearings need lubrication station, maintenance difficulties, electric grinding 1 ton of ore It consumes about 25 kWh (KWH); now the rolling bearing used in the main bearing of energy-saving ball mill, the power consumption of grinding 1 ton of ore is about 18KWH. It is lubricated with dry oil and saves more than 80% of lubricating oil annually. The large mill removes the lubrication station of the main bearing, and the maintenance is only required once a year, and the equipment operation rate can reach 100%.
2. The lining plate of the ordinary ball mill adopts strip shape, step shape and large wave type. The disadvantage of these lining boards is that when the lining plate is worn to a certain thickness, it will be bent and deformed, resulting in failure to use; The disadvantage is that the surface shape of the lining plate is simple, the contact area between the steel ball and the lining plate is small, the grinding ability is insufficient, and the grinding efficiency is low, so that the output of the mill is low. It is recommended that you use a double U-shaped lining. The lining has the advantage of being corrugated along the circumferential direction of the mill barrel; there are grooves along the axis of the mill. When the mill is in operation, the grinding body is lifted to a high height, and the contact surface with the lining plate increases the grinding efficiency, and the lining plate has an output of more than 6% than the ordinary grinding machine.
Improve the classification performance of concentrate after grinding, reduce the phenomenon of over-grinding, and improve the grade of concentrate powder
Some concentrators have finely ground the ore powder and directly enter the magnetic separator for magnetic separation. The ball milled ore powder is directly subjected to magnetic separation without being classified, and as a result, the particle size of the ore powder is uneven. The coarse-grained ore grade is low; the fine grade of ore fine is high, but the magnetic field strength is low and the adsorption capacity is poor. As the water flows into the tailings, the grade of the iron concentrate powder is low and the tail running phenomenon is serious. Tips for this kind of mineral processing technology, the milled materials must be grading and screening, and then magnetic separation. Because of the different ores, there is a monomer dissociation particle size at the highest grade. If the particle size is too coarse, the impurities in the ore will not separate, and the grade of the ore will be too low. If the particle size is too fine, the grinding ability and grinding time of the mill will be wasted. Because of the ore particle size below 10μm, the grinding time will increase by 2% for each increase of 1% in the ore powder, and the power consumption and the wear of the steel ball lining will increase by 2%; therefore, do everything possible to reduce the overgrinding minerals. The content is the most effective way to increase mill output, reduce power consumption and increase iron fines recovery. After the group screening measures, the minerals with less than the required particle size are returned to the mill for re-grinding, and the minerals with the required particle size are sent to the selected points in time, which not only improves the concentrate grade, but also improves the grinding efficiency of the mill. .
There are many methods for mineral grading, and the spiral classifier is the most primitive grading device . The grouping method is simple, the classification accuracy is slightly poor, and it is generally applied to the classification of a section of grinding ore discharge products. When the final product size of the iron concentrate is required to be 100% under the sieve of minus 80μm, the first stage classification may adopt a spiral classifier; the second stage classification may adopt a high frequency fine sieve. If the final product particle size of the iron concentrate powder is required to be less than 100%, the proportion of the large particles of the ore particles is relatively small. Under the premise that the screen wear of the high frequency sieve is not serious, the high frequency vibrating screen can be used. The classification is carried out, and the middle ore under the sieve is magnetically selected; the coarse ore on the sieve is returned to the mill for re-grinding. Still another classification device is a hydrocyclone. There are now more large-scale concentrators, removing the one-stage and two-stage spiral classifier equipment and switching to hydrocyclones. This method not only plays a coarse subdivision of the ore powder, but also increases the concentration of the pulp before the magnetic separation and reduces the primary dewatering equipment . The equipment is also graded and concentrated in a dryer before the non-magnetic mineral powder is selected, which has a good effect.
In summary, we have improved the grade of the product by more than 66.5% by carrying out technological transformation, so that it can get a good sales price. Through the technical transformation of equipment, the power consumption of mining machinery will be reduced by more than 25%, and the output will increase by about 30%. The consumption of steel such as lining board, hammer head and steel ball is reduced by more than 15%, which makes the comprehensive economic indicators reach the domestic advanced level, improves the economic benefits of enterprises, increases the competitiveness of enterprises, and creates for the future development and growth of enterprises. good conditions.
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